Industry and Manufacturing are the important potential economic drivers of the non-oil economy in Iraq. Unfortunately, many industrial factories that were the backbone of the Iraq economy have fallen behind global manufacturing standards. Despite this challenge, Iraq presents a unique opportunity in the Gulf region, having a substantial resource base of both minerals and hydrocarbons. The country is also endowed with considerable freshwater resources, a sea-port in the Arabian Gulf with easy access to shipping lanes, a substantial educated population, and management with strong technical skills. These factors combine to create the potential for a leading industrial power among Gulf countries. Iraq's existing industrial sector is broad and includes both light and heavy industries from vehicle manufacturing to rug factories. Iraq also has a domestic pharmaceutical industry and chemical industry.